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Hmyzí škůdci slivoní v Bílých Karpatech
Borýsek, Daniel
The bachelor thesis focuses on plum pests that were studied in the village of Horní Němčí in the White Carpathians in 2022. The monitoring was carried out in a plum orchard on four plum varieties, medium to late Jojo, late Topend, very late Tophit and Haganta. The focus was on the Eurytoma schreineri which is considered an important pest in the area. The occurrence of Eurytoma schreineri was assessed by the number of infested stones and fruits. White glue plates were used to detect sawflies of genus Hoplocampa, and the infes-tation of plums by their larvae was assessed. The occurrence of wood pests was assessed by visual inspection of trees, and the occurrence of overwintering pests by inspection of twigs in early February. In addition to Eurytoma schreineri, the following pests were de-tected in the orchard: sawflies of genus Hoplocampa, Scolytus mali, Parthenolecanium cor-ni, Diaspidiotus pernicious and Panonychus ulmi. Occurrences above the pest threshold were recorded for the Parthenolecanium corni and the Diaspidiotus pernicious. Other pest species were found in low abundance. There were no significant differences in pest infes-tation among varieties. There was a slight trend towards higher infestation of very late varieties by the dark Eurytoma schreineri, Diaspidiotus perniciosus, Panonychus ulmi and sawflies of genus Hoplocampa.
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Antioxidanty ve vybraných odrůdách hrušní
Havlíčková, Barbora
The subject of this master´s thesis was primarily antioxidants in selected pear varieties. Among the pear varieties selected were European varieties ('Williams', 'Erica', 'Electra', 'Beta', 'Conference'), Asian varieties ('Kumoi', 'Ju Li', 'Nijiseiki', 'Shinko') and Asian-European hybrid variety 'Benita'. The content of individual antioxidants in the varieties was determined using the HPLC-MS/MS method. The resulting values were processed into graphs in the Excel program and statistically evaluated using the Statistica program. As part of the cluster analysis, the samples were divided into two groups based on the analysis of antioxidant content. The similarity of the 'Benita' variety hybrid to European varieties was also found. Using the PCA method, the data were divided into four groups. The highest content of total antioxidants was determined in the hybrid 'Benita' (2175,11 μg/g), on another hand, the lowest was in the European variety 'Williams' (277,73 μg/g). Some Asian varieties contained more antioxidants than European ones, while others contained less. It was found that the varieties analysed contained the most procyanidin b1/b2, while procyanidin c1 was not detected in any of the varieties. In the next part of the master´s thesis the development of the pear industry in the Czech Republic was monitored, where the development of the price level and harvest, the average yield, the consumption of pears per inhabitant of the Czech Republic, a foreign trade, a comparison of EU+UK production were monitored According to the obtained data, the 'Conference' variety and the 'Lucas' variety were the most cultivated in the Czech Republic. Annual consumption per person varied between 2,5-3 kg. Compared to the most other EU members and Great Britain, the pear production in the Czech Republic was low (4000-10000 tons/year).
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Porovnání vybraných odrůd pšenice podle jejich schopnosti regulovat a kompenzovat výnos v odlišném prostředí
Brtníková, Daniela
This diploma thesis presents the results of experiments monitored in the 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 growing seasons at three experimental locations in the Czech Republic. The chosen locations were Obora and Písky, which belong to the Žabčice Field Experi-ment Station, and the site in Prague-Ruzyna belong to the Plant Production Research Insti-tute, v. v. i. These locations are different mainly in terms of climate and soil conditions. The monitored varieties were Balitus, Bohemia, IS Conditor, RGT Sacramento, Tobak, Tonnage and Tybalt. For these varieties, yield components (number of spikes per m2, number of grains in spike and one thousand grain weight) were evaluated and their evaluation in rela-tion to the yield and harvest index together with the compensatory and self-regulating abili-ties of wheat. A statistically significant effect of variety, location and year was recorded for most of the evaluated parameters. The best-rated varieties for the monitored period were the Tonnage and Tobacco varieties, which achieved above-average yields and showed certain abilities of compensation and plasticity to growing conditions. On the contrary, the worst rated was the Bohemia variety, which, despite the high grain weight, achieved below-average yields compared to the other varieties.
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Porovnání kvantitativních a kvalitativních vlastností vybraných klonů odrůdy Sauvignon
Pokorný, Stanislav
The research in this diploma thesis aims on the comparison of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of selected clones of variety Sauvignon blanc. For selected clones were compared phenological phases, uvological characteristics, analysis of grape must, wine analysis and sensory evaluation. The experiment was carried out in the vineyards of the company Ampelos a.s. It was observed eight clones of variety Sauvignon Blanc. It was observed phenological phases in the same conditions of given clones. It was then determined uvological characteristics of bunch of grapes which was aimed on the average weight of bunch of grapes, the average weight of berries, the average weight of berry, the average weight of stem, the average number of berries and the average size of bunch of grapes (length x width). In the grape must were measured the analytical values, such as the sugar content, the amount of titratable acid, pH, the assimilable nitrogen content. From the results, it was clear that clones from Czech selection are much better adapted to the Czech climatic conditions. It was also observed that not all clones from Czech selection achieved better results than clones from abroad. This was confirmed in the case of clone 29/68 which has got the worst results from the all observed clones. As an ideal option for producing high quality wines is a planting composed from multiple clones with different characteristics.
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Porovnání bílkovinné stability u bílých vín
Sabo, Jozef
Thesis deals with comparing the protein stability of white wines. The aim of this thesis is to compare the stability of the proteins for seven particular varieties of the white wines using sodium-calcium bentonite Puranit. Size of the batch 150 g / l of the bentonite was used in the research. Theoretical part are briefly described the nitrogen substances, individual factors effect in the condensation of the proteins, the impact of aging of the wine on the soft feces on its protein stability, opportunities of the using the fining enological agent - bentonite, silicic acid salts, gelatin, tannin, isinglass. The thesis are characterized individual in the research applied the varieties of the white wines. In the practical part is detailed described the procedure of the carried out the experiment, the individual results are reported in the table and graphs. Research showed that after application of the bentonite is significantly changed the protein stability of individualt types of the wine.
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